diff --git a/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md b/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8eced70cf99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@primer/react': patch
+---
+
+Bundle the React Compiler memo helper (`c`) into `@primer/react` via a local ESM shim instead of importing it from the external `react-compiler-runtime` package. This prevents a runtime crash (`TypeError: (0, l.c) is not a function`) when a consumer's bundle cannot resolve a callable `c`.
diff --git a/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts b/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
index e3c65d4e847..bd44b7df39c 100644
--- a/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
+++ b/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,37 @@ function getEntrypointsFromInput(input: ReadonlySet<string>) {
   )
 }
 
+// The React Compiler emits `import {c} from 'react-compiler-runtime'`. Alias it
+// to a local ESM shim that is bundled into the output, so the memo helper is
+// self-contained instead of an external CommonJS dependency that can fail to
+// resolve a callable `c` in a consumer's bundle.
+const reactCompilerRuntimeShim = path.resolve('src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts')
+
+function reactCompilerRuntimeAlias() {
+  return {
+    name: 'react-compiler-runtime-alias',
+    resolveId(source: string) {
+      if (source === 'react-compiler-runtime') {
+        return {id: reactCompilerRuntimeShim, external: false}
+      }
+      return null
+    },
+  }
+}
+
 const dependencies = [
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.peerDependencies ?? {}),
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.dependencies ?? {}),
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.devDependencies ?? {}),
-].map(name => {
-  return new RegExp(`^${name}(/.*)?`)
-})
+]
+  // `react-compiler-runtime` is aliased to a local shim and bundled, so it must
+  // not be external.
+  .filter(name => name !== 'react-compiler-runtime')
+  // Anchor to a package-name boundary so a name isn't treated as a prefix of
+  // another (e.g. `react` must not match `react-compiler-runtime`).
+  .map(name => {
+    return new RegExp(`^${name}($|/)`)
+  })
 
 const external = [
   // Exclude package dependencies
@@ -66,6 +90,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
   {
     input,
     plugins: [
+      reactCompilerRuntimeAlias(),
       babel({
         include: /\.(?:js|jsx|ts|tsx)$/,
         exclude: /node_modules/,
diff --git a/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs b/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
index 01de9a0fbbd..95455a8f350 100644
--- a/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
+++ b/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ const unsupportedPatterns = [
   'src/hooks/useResizeObserver.ts',
   'src/hooks/useSafeTimeout.ts',
   'src/TooltipV2/Tooltip.tsx',
+  'src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts',
 ]
 
 const unsupported = new Set(
diff --git a/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts b/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d1c286f222f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import React, {useMemo} from 'react'
+
+// Local replacement for the `c` helper from `react-compiler-runtime`. The build
+// aliases the compiler's `import {c} from 'react-compiler-runtime'` to this file
+// so only `c` is bundled (as clean ESM), instead of externalizing the whole
+// CommonJS package. Mirrors the upstream behavior: prefer React's built-in
+// compiler runtime (React 19+), otherwise fall back to a `useMemo`-backed cache.
+const MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL = Symbol.for('react.memo_cache_sentinel')
+
+type MemoCache = Array<unknown>
+
+function useMemoCache(size: number): MemoCache {
+  return useMemo(() => {
+    const cache = new Array(size) as MemoCache & Record<symbol, unknown>
+    for (let index = 0; index < size; index++) {
+      cache[index] = MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL
+    }
+    cache[MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL] = true
+    return cache
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [])
+}
+
+const builtinRuntime = (React as typeof React & {__COMPILER_RUNTIME?: {c?: (size: number) => MemoCache}})
+  .__COMPILER_RUNTIME
+
+export const c: (size: number) => MemoCache = typeof builtinRuntime?.c === 'function' ? builtinRuntime.c : useMemoCache