🧹 refactor(semantic): extract complex resolution arms into helper methods

[Tcode-Motion]

🎯 What: The overly long resolve_expression method in compiler/semantic/src/passes/resolve.rs was difficult to read and maintain due to complex inline logic for several expression types. This PR extracts the logic for Identifier, Binary, Assignment, and Call into dedicated helper methods.
💡 Why: Breaking down large match arms into smaller, focused methods improves codebase maintainability, readability, and makes the resolve_expression function much easier to navigate.
✅ Verification: Ran cargo test --workspace to ensure no functionality regressions and cargo clippy and cargo check --workspace to ensure code health and compilation. The behavior remains exactly identical.
✨ Result: Improved readability and structure of the semantic resolution pass without any behavioral changes.

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 1067453118403306836 started by @Tcode-Motion

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