Apply ruff Python 3.11 fixes to providers

[shahar1]

As titled - this applies ruff Python 3.11 fixes to providers.

related: #74148

AI Summary

Output of `ruff check --fix` with the py311 target for `providers/`: `timezone.utc` → `datetime.UTC` (UP017), `typing_extensions` → `typing` (UP035), `asyncio.TimeoutError` → `TimeoutError` (UP041). Mechanical, no behaviour change.

Stack

Layer 5 of 9 of the Python 3.10 drop (supersedes #74144, which carried the whole change in one PR). Each layer is meant to be green on its own: the script metadata bump comes first because prek picks the hook interpreter from it, and the ruff fixes land before the requires-python bump because ruff infers its target per distribution from the nearest pyproject.toml.

1. Drop Python 3.10 from CI, Breeze and the container images
2. Bump inline script metadata to Python 3.11
3. Remove Python 3.10 compatibility shims
4. Apply ruff Python 3.11 fixes to core, Task SDK, shared and airflowctl
5. Apply ruff Python 3.11 fixes to providers
6. Apply ruff Python 3.11 fixes to dev tooling, scripts and test suites
7. Require Python 3.11 in all distributions
8. Update provider READMEs for the Python 3.11 baseline
9. Update docs for the Python 3.11 baseline

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Was generative AI tooling used to co-author this PR?

• Yes — Claude Code (Fable 5.1)

Generated-by: Claude Code (Fable 5.1) following the guidelines