fix: align cross-reference roles with the English source

[mattwang44]

Why

13 translated messages use a different role from the one in their msgid. For example the
source says :class:`typing.Union``` and the translation says :data:`typing.Union```.

Five of them render with no link at all — they are broken on the site right now. The
role points at the wrong domain, so the target is never found and the text renders as
plain code instead of a link:

file	translation (wrong)	source
library/asyncio-eventloop.po ×3	``:py:const:`socket.SO_REUSEPORT ```	``:ref:`socket.SO_REUSEPORT ```
whatsnew/3.12.po ×2	``:const:`Py_TPFLAGS_ITEMS_AT_END```	``:c:macro:`Py_TPFLAGS_ITEMS_AT_END```

• socket-unix-constants is a label. :py:const: looks for a Python object with that
  name and finds none. The ~ prefix is dropped as well, because :ref: does not strip a
  module path.
• Py_TPFLAGS_ITEMS_AT_END and Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE are C macros. :const: only
  searches the Python domain.

The other eight still resolve, because the Python domain's find_obj() ignores the
object type when the target has no leading dot, so a wrong role still finds the object and
only the rendered CSS class differs (py-data vs py-class). They are corrected for
consistency with the source.

What changed

file	translation (wrong)	corrected to
library/functools.po	:data:	:class: typing.Union
library/stdtypes.po ×2	:data:	:class: typing.Union
library/asyncio-future.po	:func:	:meth: concurrent.futures.Future.cancel
tutorial/errors.po	:class:	:exc: Exception
library/sys.po	:attr:	:data: sys.builtin_module_names
library/typing.po	:func:	:ref: overloaded functions <overload>
whatsnew/3.12.po	:data:	:const: os.PIDFD_NONBLOCK

Only the role token changed in each message; the translated text is otherwise untouched. I
verified this per message: applying the intended substitution to the original string
reproduces the new string exactly, for all 13. msgfmt --check passes on every file.

Background

I found these while testing a fix for
sphinx-doc/sphinx#14162. Sphinx today
compares only the reftarget, which is socket-unix-constants on both sides, so it does
not notice. sphinx-doc/sphinx#14357
compares the domain and role as well, so once that lands all 13 become build warnings.
Better to fix them now.

One more: bugs.po

bugs.rst:105 translates both link names in the same message. When a message contains
more than one translated reference name, Sphinx's fix-up has to guess which original
target each name refers to, and
sphinx-doc/sphinx#14357 deliberately
keeps warning in that case rather than trusting the guess. Naming the targets explicitly
(`譯文 <Python Developer's Guide_>`_) removes the guess. The rendered links are
identical before and after.

Verified

Built CPython 3.14 Doc/ against this branch with
sphinx-doc/sphinx#14357 applied:

	i18n.inconsistent_references	all warnings + errors
3.14 as-is	12	12
this branch	0	0

Note on wrapping

My local gettext is 1.0, and its wrapping differs from whatever produced the current
files — the new version does not break inside a reST role, the older one does. Running
powrap here rewraps every file and turns this into a ~5000 line diff, so I did not run
it. Instead the lines before each change are left byte-identical and only the text from
the change onwards is re-wrapped. Please run make wrap before merging so the project's
own tooling normalises it.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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